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Topic: Environmental Pollution

Aim: to provide opportunities for developing pupils’ speaking skills, creativity, logical thinking, tolerance;

to develop the ability of listening to the speakers;

to encourage students to learn a foreign language, use the internet resources and social networks;

 to facilitate productive speaking by eliciting personal experience and knowledge .

Equipment: a computer, the song  “the Earth Song”, visuals (posters, schemes).

Procedure

 I. Introduction

Good morning, dear pupils. The motto of our lesson is “No matter what colour your skin is, what language we speak, we have one thing in common: all of us are people of the same planet with the same worries, troubles and future.” Today we are going to discuss the main environmental problems endangering us and try to find their solutions. So let me open our conference which is dedicated to the protection of nature, which has become one of the actual problems of the 21^st century. So I want to introduce  you the participants of the conference.

 P1 – I’m the member of the Greenpeace Organization.

 P2 –I’m the representative of the local authorities.

P3-I’m  a doctor.

P4-I’m the representative of the Green  Party

So before opening  the conference I want you to remember some sayings and proverbs. Your task is to continue the sentences.  (slides 1,2,3…)

 –On this world environment Day It’s worth remembering that ….(we do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors. We  borrow  it from our children).

 –We never know the worth of water …. (‘till the well is dry).

 –The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago…… (The next best time is today).

 –A nation that destroys its soils… (destroys  itself).

–Destroying rainforest for economic gain is like burning…..  (a Renaissance painting to cook a meal).

 – The major problems in the world are the result of the differences between …… ( the way nature works and the way people think).

 – The creature that wins against its environment…. ( destroys itself).

– Here we are the most clever species ever to have lived. So how is it we can destroy ….  (the only planet we have?).

 – I want to create a world….. ( where the environment doesn’t need protection.)

 –Stopping pollution is the best …..(solution.)

 – The earth has a skin, and that skin has diseases:…..( one of its diseases is called a man.)

 II. The main part of the lesson.

1.Listening .

Pre-listening task.

 Listen to the song performed by Michael  Jackson “The Earth Song” and discuss the main environmental issues which are reflected in it.

While-listening task:

  While watching the video determine how many parts does the video consist of? (the pupils are watching the video)

 After- listening task:

 While speaking I want you to use such expressions as:

I was deeply impressed…,

The most shocking  frame of the video is…..,

What I really like about the video is….,

You can’t be indifferent watching….

 So and now answer my questions:

1. Which environmental problems are represented in the video? (global warming, acid rains, forest fires, pollution, ozone layer depletion, rainforest  destruction, animal extinction.)

 2. Name 9 species of animals you have seen ? (monkeys, toucan, elephants, zebras, giraffes, dolphins, seals, antelopes, whales.)

3. What is their natural habitat? (Rainforests are the natural habitat for monkeys, toucans; savannas –for  elephants, zebras; ocean –for dolphins, seals, whales. )

 4. Which of them are endangered?

 5. Why are they threatened with death? (hunting and poaching and habitat destruction threaten the species. For example: elephants are killed for ivory, and dolphins can’t live in polluted water.)

 6. Describe the most shocking from your point of view scenes?

 7 .What is the main idea of the video? ( people should care about the environment, stop killing animals, destroying forests, polluting air, water and land. Humans should live in harmony with nature. )

II. Speaking. (Group work )

 T-Nowadays the word “pollution” is on everyone’s lips .  Pollution is the main topic for the news . We are constantly polluting our home-the Earth .So it’s better late than never to start thinking about environmental problems and take steps to solve them. So let’s listen to the experts and their ways out. (presentation ).

The 1^st group –air

pollution.

 I’m the representative of the Greenpeace Organization. Our main concern is air pollution. A human being can survive for a week without food, a few days without water, but only a few minutes without air. Every day we breathe about 35 pounds of air, and our lifetimes we take about 625 million breathes.  At present air is in bad condition. It is caused by factories, plants, transport, volcanic eruption, forest burning and the ozone hole. Today we are anxious about the state of air we breathe because the world industry emits  into the atmosphere about  1000 million tons of dust, smoke and other harmful chemicals (substances). So people suffer from smog in many big cities.                                                     Another reason of air pollution in big cities is transport. Air is polluted by their exhaust fumes. To solve this problem people should:

-use public transport;

-use filters to reduce the emission of chemicals into the air;

-redesign the city centers to make them pedestrian areas and not allow cars into the middle of the city areas;

 -plant more trees to absorb CO2;

 -use cars in rare situations;

-change people’s perception that it’s better to get to work by bycicle , as many people do in Europe;

 - use the aerosol spray (without CFCs, harmful chemicals);

 -reduce the use of fossil fuels;

-make (use) environmentally-friendly cars.

The 2^nd group- water pollution .

    I’m the member of the ECO-ACTION group  and our great concern is water pollution.  We use water  every day for cleaning, washing, drinking and cooking.  Water is essential  to all life. It is one of the most important substances in the universe. Oceans cover 70% of our planet, but only 1% of water on the Earth is usable and fresh. In many places the water has become polluted. It is caused by dumping wastes into lakes, rivers and water ways. Harmful wastes may also be soaked into the soil or run off from fields that have been sprayed with pesticides. Pesticides are often used to kill insects on farms. Polluted water can spread many diseases. There are no oceans and seas which are not used as a dump. The Pacific Ocean has suffered from nuclear pollution because the French Government tests nuclear weapons there. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear wastes. Britain dumps 250,000 tons of industrial waste into the North sea.  So  water  pollution is another dangerous kind of pollution . Factories and plants pour wastes into the rivers and lakes, making them dirty. Sewage discharge and household cleaners release bacteria and chemicals into the water ways. Another source of water pollution is sinking ships and oil tankers. They emit a great deal of oil into the oceans and seas, killing underwater life. To reduce water pollution we should:

 - use less harmful substances for most household cleaners;

-flush toilets only when it’s necessary;

-the government should introduce harsh punishments for oil companies;

- introduce (create) waste water treatment plants.

The 3^rd group-garbage. 

 We are the representatives of the local authorities. We are constantly  trying to solve the garbage problems. During the life people produce a lot of garbage, which is piled up in land, making our sites dirty. People throw away a lot of litter instead of reusing or recycling it. That’s why the rivers and forests are polluted. The litter has been stayed in land before decomposing for a long time, so that’s why all the garbage has to be recycled. In Europe people divide all the garbage into trash, junk and household wastes. So all this garbage is recycled. To solve the garbage problems people should remember 3 Rs rules(reuse, recycle, reduce). They should:

 -reduce the amount of waste you produce;

-reuse disposable items as long as possible(plastic bottles);

-recycle all the recyclable wastes;

-buy in bulk;

-use old newspapers to wrap things;

-be creative; 

 -use rubbish bins;

- try not to buy prepacked food;

-put aluminium cans and tins, glass and plastic into recycling bins;

-avoid disposable things;

 The 4^th group –GM food.

I’m greatly concerned about GM food. Nowadays a problem of GM food is widespread all over the world. More and more GM foods appear on the shelves of the supermarkets and  make their way to our kitchens. Proponents of GM food ensure that these foods are safe for human consumption but critics argue that their effects have not been studied long enough. I think that GM foods should be banned, because it badly affects our health and well-being. The antibiotics and hormones given to cows and chickens are found in our bodies and it can lead to the chronic diseases. Also GM food can cause allergic reactions in people who eat the foods. Another argument is that GM food doesn’t benefit people, just large corporations that produce and sell it.

      On the other hand along with disadvantages the GM  foods have their benefits too. A lot of people believe that genetically modified foods can help to solve the food crisis in future and so help humanity to survive. So the genetically modified fruits and vegetables ripen fast and keep longer than usual plants so it is easier to transport them and keep fresh for a long time. But in my opinion GM foods should be banned because young generation will have different diseases because of eating unhealthy food. But this is a huge industry nowadays that obviously can’t be stopped, but I believe that there will be another ways to save people from hunger.

The 5^th group-energy.

I’m the representative of the Green Party. So I want to dedicate my speech to  energy. There are a lot of energy sources which provide us with the capacity to light our houses, cook our food, travel by car, train, boat or plane and do many other things that we do regularly. They are: moving water, wood, oil, the atom (nuclear power), natural gas, coal (fossil fuels). But these sources of energy are very harmful for our health because while burning they emit a lot of carbon dioxide into the air.  This has formed the “blanket” around the Earth so the temperature is rising (the greenhouse effect) and contributes to the global warming that can lead to rising sea levels and to the depletion of the ozone layer.

    So to reduce the pollution we should use alternative sources of energy. They are: the nuclear energy, the wind energy, the solar energy, the fusion energy, the biomass energy. The present- day alternative energy is nuclear energy, which doesn’t directly pollute the environment, but it contains untold danger from radiation. In case of nuclear reactor explosion air, water and land will be affected by various radioactive isotopes and a lot of contaminated areas will be unsafe for humanity for 8000 years and it will lead to a great number of deaths and illnesses. We should remember Chornobyl and Fukushima.

     As the alternative sources of energy are not widely used, so the primary goals of our government are to work out new methods of using these renewable sources of energy. So if we do not reduce our energy consumption we may soon run out of energy sources. So the main task for people is to save energy.

They should:

- turn off the lights when they are not being used;

-dress themselves warmly indoors;

-seal the windows in the winter;

-shouldn’t use their stoves to heat their flats and houses.

  III. Reading.

        T- and now I want to draw your attention to the local problems. We have some letters from the people of our village. They have described their troubles and want you to show them some ways out. They faced a task of solving such problems as garbage and homeless dogs. (the experts have been given  some letters they are discussing the ways out).

IV. Writing.

    T-So imagine that you are the presidents of our country. What will you do to save our planet, what will be your actions. T-so your task is to continue the sentences.

     If I were the president of our country, I would…….(the pupils are giving their suggestions and present their presentations).

III. Summing up.

And now let’s summarize our work. So we should think globally but act locally. Remember! A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step. Make, please, a tree with the solutions of the problems on the planet Earth. (the pupils are writing their solutions on the leaves and hanging on the tree.)

 –take care of nature;

-protect our habitat;

-don’t throw away litter;

 -recycle used materials;

 -clean rivers, lakes and seas;

 -feed birds; -help animals;

Our lesson is over . Thank you for your excellent work. So protect your souls, don’t pollute them with selfishness, envy and indifference.  Your homework is to write a letter to a local newspaper .    

Topic: Parent-Child Relationship

( form 11)

 Natalia Tkachuk

a teacher of English,

School of Perehonivka

Kirovograd region,

 Holovanivs’k district,

 v.Perehonivka

 Objectives:

-to master the skills of speaking and listening,

 -to practice grammar material “Auxiliary Verbs”,

 -to widen students’ knowledge on the topic,

 -to revise and expend the vocabulary related to the topic.

Procedure

 I. Introduction.

Today the topic of our lesson is “The relations between children and parents. Generation  Gap”. The Bible says, “Honor thy father and thy mother”. It’s one of the Ten Commandments. I’d like to take these words as the motto of our lesson.

II. The main part of the lesson.

1) warming –up.

 So I suggest  you  continuing  the proverbs:

a) Like father…

b) Children need models…

c) Children are born…

 d) Unlike grown-ups children have little need…

 e) Children have never been good at…

f) People are children of…..  

 g) Mama knows…..  

h) Every family has a…….

 i) If youth but knew, if …… 

1….listening to there elders, but they have never failed to imitate them.

2. …like son.

3…to be happy.

 4….to deceive themselves.

 5. ….more than they need critics.

6. ….different ages.

7. …..best.

 8…..black sheep.

9. Age but could.

 (a-1, b-5. c-3. d-4. e-1. f-6. g-7. h-8. I-9 )

 2. Reading.

A) Pre-reading tasks.

T- using  Ex.1 p.74 draw a picture of a good family. What values should a family possess to be a good one?

 P1-children should get on well with their parents.

 P2-Parents should trust their children.

P3-…

 P4- Family is not only a tradition. It means also a great responsibility. So a family is very important  for everybody. Families give everybody a sense of tradition, strength and purpose. Our families show what we  are. Most parents teach their children to respect elder people and to observe holidays, but the most important thing for a family is to give an emotional support and security. The right family values help boys and girls to gain confidence and resist the influence of bad friends.

B) While-reading tasks:

T-while reading the text try to guess the meaning of the new words.

C) Post-reading tasks:

T-work with a partner and discuss the following questions:

1. How would you have handled the situation if you had been in George’s shoes? (P1-if a were in George’s shoes I would…. )

2. Why do you think George acted the way he did? (P2-I think that ….)

3. Why do you think Susie acted the way she did?(P3-  I think that….)

1. If  I were in George’s shoes I would pay more attention to  my daughter’s problems; I would appreciate her desire to grow up and be adult in her own right. I would pay respect to her individuality. 2. I think that he is over-ambitious for his daughter and resents the sacrifices he made. He unquestioningly took on the values of his parents and now he resents Susie’s questioning of his values. He has worked hard all his life for his family and now feels very frustrated that his daughter isn’t turning out the way he wanted.

 3) I think that she wanted her father to see her problems. She wanted to be adult in her own right and looked for her own identity. She wanted her father to respect her identity.

 3. Listening.

T-and now I suggest you  listening  to the Joe Cocker’s song “N’oubliez Jamais”.  John Robert Cocker was born in Sheffield, England on May 20, 1944. He started out as an unsuccessful  pop singer (working under the name Vance Arnold), but later he found his niche singing rock and soul in the pubs of England. He got number one in the UK hits in 1968 with his version of the Beatles’ “With a little help from my friends.” His success started to grow tremendously after he sang that song at the Woodstock festival in August 1969. His later efforts were less popular and problems with alcohol did harm to Cocker’s once-powerful voice. But he returned to the US Top Ten with the romantic ballad “You are so beautiful” in 1975. He went on performing mostly lyrical songs of philosophical character. He died in 2015. A) Pre-listening tasks: the French phrase “N’oubliez  Jamais “ means “Never Forget”. The title sounds like the beginning of advice. What continuation might it have?

     Make 5-6 pieces of advice beginning  with :

 Never forget….(something)

Never forget….(do something)

 Forget about…..(something).

In this task you will see the words that will later appear in the song “N’oubliez Jamais”. To make sure that you know them all match the English words on the left to the corresponding Ukrainian translation on the right.

 1.brand  new

2. Anger

3. Regret

4. A rebel 

5. To disobey

6. Destiny

7. Passion

 8. To haunt

 9. To search

10. Cure

a) шукати

 b)пристрасть

 c)зцілення

d)жаль

e)абсолютно новий

f)переслідувати

g)не підкорятися

 h)доля

i)злість

j)бунтар

Keys (1- e 2-I 3-d 4-j 5-g 6-h 7-b 8-f 9-a 10-c )

 B) while-listening tasks:

1. While listening to the song, choose and circle the right variant from the given on the right.

 Verse 1.

 Papa, why ____play all the same old songs?

 What _____say with the melody?

“Cause down on the street something _____going  on,

There____a brand new beat and a brand new song.

“In my life there ____so much anger,

Still I ___no regret.

Just like you I ___ such a rebel ,

 So, dance your own dance and never forget.”

1. You/do you/are you

2. You/do you/have you

3. Is/are/has/have

4. Is/was/has/do

5. Does/was/were

 6. Is /am/do/have

7. Is/was/were/has

 Listen to the first verse and check yourself.

Refrain: Look at the refrain. The words are typed without spaces between  them. Separate them.  N’oubliezjamais

 Iheardmyfathersay

Everygenerationhasitsway

 Ineedtodisobey

N’oubliezjamais

It’sinyourdestiny

Ineedtodisagree

 Rulesgetintheway

 Listen to the refrain and check yourself.

2. In each line find  the word that has the wrong position and put it in the appropriate place. The first line has been done as an example.

 Verse 2.

Mama, why do you to dance {   }  the same old songs?

Why harmony do you sing only?

“Cause down on the street is something going on,

There is a new brand new beat and a brand song.

She said: “There in my heart is a young girl’s passion,

 For a long life to wait

And somebody soon someone’s will haunt you smile.

 So, sing your own and never forget song”

Verse  3.

 What this is game?

 Searching love for affair

It all is the same.

One of these days will say you

 That will love be the cure.

So I am not sure.

 Listen to the verses 2 and  3  and check yourself.

3) Post-listening tasks:

Choose the answers to the following questions about  the song:

1. How many people are talking in the song?

a) 2 b)3 c)4 d)more

 2. What is the point of misunderstanding between the parents and the son?

 a) music  b) dance  c)games  d)Generation gap

3. Which of these statements in your opinion represents the idea of the song best?

 Prove your choice.

 a)parents and children belong to different generations with different ways of life, and the older generation should keep it in mind;

 b) parents and children belong to different generations with different ways of life, and they both should accept it;

c) it shouldn’t be surprising that the music of younger generation is not comprehensible to their parents; d) younger generations  never want to accept  the way of life of their parents;

e) younger generations should not forget the songs of their parents;

f) every generation is unique in its own way, but they all have much more in common then they think.  4. Both parents ask their son not to forget . What exactly do they want him not to forget?

 Keys: 1-b, 2-d, 3-f(d), 4- Maybe, his past, his roots embodied in his parents; maybe, his own principles and his present way of life when he grows older. Or maybe, his reluctance to understand his parents which, if forgotten, might lead to conflicts with his own children.

 III. Summing – up.

 T- so, I want to make the conclusion. Young people are  so similar and so different. They want to go their way and find it difficult to be responsible. They express their self-identity in clothes, hairstyle and slang. They smoke, drink alcohol and take drugs, believing that it’s the route to independence. They have conflicts with their parents and teachers, considering that only equals in age can understand them. In fact parents are  not so strict now then they used to be and most young people have a considerable amount of freedom. But they still need somebody to open their heart to. Often parents are too busy earning money and can’t spare their children much time and attention. That’s why they easily come under the influence of other people or find idols among famous singers, sportsmen, actors and politicians. The young  go to disco clubs and are crazy about music. They are fond of computers and the Internet. Sometimes they have a desire to go along with the crowd which might urge them to do something they know is wrong. They make wrong and right choices. They are talented, creative and dream of the bright future for themselves and their future children. They aren’t afraid  of risk. They are romantic and skeptical. They are active and pragmatic. They are sincere and rude, honest and impolite. They demand our help, respect, attention and supervision. They are the future of our planet.

 (the students are given the home task  Ex.5 p. 77)

 Suppose you had an opportunity to talk to any of the people mentioned in the article, what questions would you ask them? Write some questions and then discuss with your mates how these people might answer them.                                                             

Lesson  7.

 Topic: Tour around London. Historical Places of London.

 Aim:   -introduce new vocabulary;

             -introduce pupils historical places of London;

            -practice speaking and reading skills.

 Equipment: a book , a computer, pictures with historical places of London.

Procedure.

I. The beginning of the lesson.

1. Greeting. Good morning! How are you getting on? Have you ever been to London? Today we are going to make an excursion around London. We will visit historical places of London.

II. The main pat of the lesson.

1.     Check on homework.

Before making a trip around London let’s review the road signs.

 P1-we should cross the street when the light is green.

 P2-we should stop.

 P3- we should turn left.

P4-…..

P5-…..

2.     Presenting vocabulary.

Buckinghem Palace

 Trafalgar Square 

Big Ben

Westminster Abbey

 Tower of London

 St. James Park

Hyde Park

 British Museum

 St. Paul’s Cathedral

British Gallery

 Букінгемський палац

Британський музей

Собор святого Петра

 Британська картиннa галерея

 Біг Бен

Лондонський Тауер

Гайд Парк

 парк святого Джеймса

 Вестмінстерське Аббатство

Трафалгарська площа

3.     Name the picture.

(the pupils are being shown the pictures, using the presentation on the computer)

4.     Group work.

 “London puzzle” (pupils have to make pictures).

 4.Reading.

The places to visit.

         London is the capital of England. It stands on the river Thames. More than seven million people live in London. London is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. In London you can find a lot of theatres, museums, cinemas, galleries, concert halls, banks, libraries, post offices. There are many beautiful churches in London .You can visit some interesting places in London. One of them is the Tower of London. It is the museum now. You can see many interesting things there. The  greatest English churches are St. Paul’s Church and Westminster Abbey. They are beautiful buildings with many columns and towers. The center of London is Trafalgar Square. In the middle of the square there is the monument to Admiral Nelson. Another famous place is the National Gallery. It is one of the best picture galleries of the world. Big Ben is the famous clock in London . The Queen of London lives in the Buckinghem Palace. The Regent’s Park and the Hyde Park are the famous parks in London. There are about 10 thousand streets in London . Big red buses run up and down the streets. The oldest metro in London is called the Tube.

 Questions.

1. What is the capital of London?

2. What river does London stands on?

3. How many people live in London?

 4. What can you find in London?

5. What interesting places ca you visit in London?

 6. What are the most famous churches in London?

7. What is there in the center of London?

 8. What is there in the center of the square?

 9.What building is the best picture gallery?

10. What is the famous clock in London?

11. Where does the Queen live?

12. What are the famous parks in London ?

 13. How many streets are there in London?

 14. How is the oldest metro in London called?

5.     Speaking.

 And now let’s make an excursion around the city. ( use the map of the city).P1,2 –Excuse me, how can I get to the Trafalgar Square?

          –Go along the street, then turn left, the Trafalgar Square is in front of you.

          –thank you.

          –Not at all.

 P3,4 –Could you show me the way to the National Gallery.

          –Take the bus 5, then turn right, cross the street and go along the street.

            The National  Gallery is on your left.

           –thank you.

          –You  are welcome.

1.     Writing.

 Fill in the gaps.

1. London is the ……of England.

2. In London you can se many……

3. ….is the nice church.

4. The center of London is …. Square.

 5. …..is the famous clock in London.

6. The Queen lives in……palace.

 7. The……park is very famous in London.

8. …..of London is a museum now.

9. The Queen’s name is…….

III. Summing –up.

 What historical places have you visited during our excursion? Learn the text about London at home.